Arguing that ‘old’ Cold War history is biased by a lack of reflection on the event, the author proposes a new way of evaluating the Cold War. He argues that this approach should: place the Cold War within a set time stream and acknowledge a definite outcome, draw upon multi-archival records of all major participants in the conflict, and pay closer attention to shifts in ideas resulting from the Cold War. The author presents a number of hypotheses about the Cold War based on what ‘we know now but did not know’ while the Cold War was going on.