In 1974 Donald Johanson shocked and excited the anthropological world with his discovery of Lucy, a 3 foot tall, 60 pound, 3.5 million year old hominid. Deemed as part of the group australopithecus afarensis, in 1977 he set out to begin careful analysis of the remains of the most complete skeleton ever found for any early human. This chapter deals with the early complications in classifying the findings, including interpretive problems with the jaw, mandible, canines, molars, and sexual dimorphism.