Fields, Gary; Cichello, Paul L.; Freije, Samuel; Menendez, Marta; Newhouse, David
Abstract
In this paper, we analyze the dynamics of household per capita incomes using longitudinal data from Indonesia, South Africa, Spain, and Venezuela. We find that in all four countries, reported initial income and job changes of the head are consistently the most important variables in accounting for income changes, overall and for initially poor households. We also find that changes in income are more important than changes in household size and that changes in labor earnings are more important than changes in other sources of household income.
