The discussion in this chapter seeks to establish logical grounds (concerning proper conceptualization) as well as some preliminary substantive ones, for distinguishing between the concept of utility, of satisfaction, and the sense of affirmation that accompanies discharging one’s moral commitments, commitments that are often in themselves taxing rather than pleasurable. That is, the author is seeking grounds for recognizing a moral “utility” above and beyond a P (pleasure), I (interdependent), or X (formal) utility. Utility theory does not recognize the distinct standing of morality as a major, significant, source of valuations, and hence as an explanation of behavior, an omission which leads to a variety of defects outlined in this chapter.
