Ecological globalization in its many forms poses enormous challenges to traditional governance structures. In this chapter, globalization is taken to mean a “broad process of societal transformation in which numerous interwoven forces are making national boundaries more permeable than ever before, including growth in trade, investment, investment, travel, and computer networking. Ecological globalization is used here to refer to the collective impact that these diverse processes have on the health of the planet’s natural systems.” While this chapter provides and extensive analysis of the effects of globalization on the planet’s ecology in addition to discussing how existing and new institutions can cope with these problems, this summary primarily focuses on the latter.