This chapter discusses the history of public policy regarding gender and the sources of the delay. Women became a major political force in shaping the rules of the workplace long after they gained the vote. This chapter will analyze why more than a half-century separates the Nineteenth Amendment from affirmative action, pay equity legislation, a strong stand by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) on sex-discrimination cases, arid favorable interpretations of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.