Stephen Isaacs and Giorgio Solimano argue that health services are skewing away from those most in need to those most able to pay and are shifting the focus from community-oriented preventative care to individually oriented curative care. Trends are exacerbating the inequalities in health and health care services that have long characterized Latin America. However, the rise of democracies in Latin America and a strengthened civil society can play an important leadership role in re-focusing the region’s health care systems.